Dairy cattle feed also needs skills

There are many drawbacks in the dairy farming process. Here, some basic techniques for the supply of forage grass for dairy cows are introduced to help farmers reduce their production costs and improve their breeding efficiency.

Ensure sufficient nutrition to increase milk production

Some farmers have extremely extensive feeding and management of dairy cows. They do not formulate diets according to the nutritional needs of dairy cows but feed them. The roughage is mainly corn stalks, wheat straw, rice straw, and leaves. The concentrates are mainly bean cakes and bran. Maize noodles, do not pay attention to add vitamins and mineral additives, do not pay attention to the supply of vitamins A, D, E, etc., and some do not even add calcium powder, resulting in a serious lack of dairy cow nutrition, often resulting in dairy cows milk production, not estrus, repeated With diseases such as infertility and low birth-residue garments, the milk production has declined, the milk fat rate has decreased, the useful life of dairy cows has been shortened, the mortality rate has increased, and economic losses have been severe. Therefore, forage feed should be diversified as much as possible. Do not forget to add a certain amount of trace element additives. Good palatability and comprehensive nutrition to meet dairy production needs. At the same time, attention should be paid to adding appropriate amounts of vitamins, trace elements, and minerals. It is best to use special premixed feeds for cows.

Concentrate is added to prevent cow obesity

Some people think that cows are obese and produce more milk, so as much as possible to feed concentrates, often resulting in over-fat dairy cows. At the same time, due to excessive feeding of concentrate, it is easy to cause ruminal weakening, pre-gastric relaxation and acidosis in dairy cows. If there are too many high-protein, high-fat concentrates, and roughage is insufficient, the fat metabolism of dairy cows may also be disturbed. After the development of ketosis, acidosis can easily lead to the death of cows. Therefore, it is best to keep the cows in production at 70% to 80%, and the farmers should feed them according to the characteristics of the cow at different physiological stages. Generally dry milk should be dominated by grass hay, silage daily feeding 6 kg -8 kg, the amount of concentrate feed should be controlled according to the quality of roughage in the 2.5 kg -3.5 kg in order to prevent dairy cattle fat. Prenatal 2 weeks to 3 weeks, gradually increase the fine material, increase about 0.5 kg per day, up to 7 kilograms and maintain until calving. Do not feed immediately after the first week of the postpartum period. After one week, increase the amount of 0.5 kg to 0.8 kg of concentrate per day until the amount of normal concentrate is reached (2.5 kg/head/day of maintenance material, and 3 kg of milk per kg. Kg fine material). Post-harvest roughage is mainly based on legumes, and feeding root tubers, dregs and silage should be avoided as little as possible within two weeks after delivery to avoid causing indigestion; two weeks later, suitable amounts can be fed as required, but the daily feed amount of silage should not exceed 20 kilograms, bad residue category should not exceed 10 kilograms, tuber root tubers should not exceed 6 kilograms, hay can be eaten at will. Late lactation, that is, after 5 months of calving, the majority of dairy cows began to decline in lactation, should be based on the amount of lactation in a timely manner to adjust the feed amount.

Finely regulated fodder to promote digestion and absorption

As the saying goes, “The three blades of the grass are the same.” This does not mean that the shorter the forage grass is, the better. It is too short to be able to digest the rumination. The corn stalks are generally chopped to 2 cm to 3 cm in length, preferably silage-fed. Some households replenishing feeding materials are greedy and unscrupulous. Feeding them directly with unprocessed corn or wheat results in unbalanced nutritional intake of dairy cows, virtually increasing feed costs. Some households will finely crush the fine material. Under normal circumstances, the diameter of the fine material is 1 mm to 2 mm, which is equivalent to 1/6-1/8 of the whole corn. Crushing too fine is also not conducive to digestion and absorption, resulting in “overfeeding” and a large amount of undigested fine material can be seen in the feces. Some farmers have soaked the concentrate for a long time and think that the softening of the concentrate makes the cow easily digested and absorbed. It is not known that the nutrients are destroyed after prolonged immersion in the concentrate, and the rancidity of the feed is caused by the proliferation of bacteria. After the cows eat, the rumen The environment is destroyed, the digestive function is disturbed, and the health of dairy cows is affected. The correct procedure is to feed dry powder or mix it before feeding.

Dry feed supplements protect your child

Dairy cows produce milk through the puerperium, and there are more nutrient losses in the body, coupled with more nutritional needs such as pregnancy and embryonic development. Dry milk should be supplemented with appropriate concentrates according to the body condition of the cows to meet the physiological needs of the cows. However, some farmers believe that when they do not milk, they do not need to feed concentrates or feed less concentrates, so the amount of concentrates is drastically reduced. As a result, cows are poorly fed and their production is time consuming and even difficult to produce. The bovine physique is weak, and cows produce less milk. Therefore, in addition to just a few days after the dry milk and the first few days before the onset of milk production, the dairy cows should appropriately reduce the amount of concentrate feed. The amount of concentrate fed during the dry period should account for 0.8%-0.9% of the cow's body weight, so as to ensure that the cows maintain normal body conditions.

Feeding cattle using a feeding trough to save forage fodder

When cattle-raising households feed their dairy cows, most of them do not have a feeding trough. Instead, they directly feed the forage on the ground for the cows to eat. Some use only baskets or alfalfa tossing grass and are often turned over by the tops of cattle. This not only results in large amounts of forage grass. Being trampled by cattle is a waste, but it also brings some stolen goods and germs. Dairy cows can easily cause gastrointestinal diseases or infectious diseases after eating. Therefore, it is recommended that when raising cows outside the house, the cattle-raising households should also set stone troughs, wooden troughs or cement troughs at the calves, put the grasses in the troughs for the cattle to eat, and put the disease in the mouth.

Of course, the supply of water is also crucial during the dairy farming process, and sufficient clean drinking water should be provided. However, in order to achieve the purpose of allowing dairy cows to drink more water and produce more milk, individual cattle farmers in the production actually added 3% to 4% of salt in the feed. They did not know that this could easily cause salt poisoning in dairy cows, even if they were not poisoned. Increase the burden on the cow's kidneys. Although the amount of milk produced after over-feeding salt was slightly increased, the corresponding milk fat percentage decreased and the proportion decreased. The result was worthless. In production, the salt content in the concentrates of dairy cows should be controlled at 0.7%-0.8%. If there is a shortage of salt feed, a slot can be set up in the sports ground and salt or smashing bricks can be placed for the dairy cows to feed freely.


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