Pruning is the practice of trimming the overall appearance of ornamental flowers and trees, cutting out unnecessary acrobatics, diseased shoots, or treating sprouts appropriately for sprouting. The pruning can be used to adjust the growth of flowers and trees to prevent leggy, so that the nutrition can be concentrated to supply the desired foliage or promote flowering, so that the canopy composed of leaves, flowers, and fruits can be matched to create a harmonious and beautiful scenery. Plastic pruning can also increase the survival rate of transplanting plants to achieve ideal height and roughness, promote the healthy growth of flowers and trees, and reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests. The basic principles that should be followed for ornamental flower trimming are roughly the following: First, plastic pruning should be consistent with ecological and environmental conditions. Adjust the proportional relationship between the various organs of the plant to make it more balanced. Adjust the relationship between the nutrient of the leaves and maintain a certain proportion of increased growth and increased growth. Second, plastic pruning should be consistent with the branching patterns of ornamental trees. 1. The flowers and trees of the main branch should be strong and weak to form a tall, straight crown. 2. Coupling branches such as cherry blossoms, crape myrtle, etc. should adopt the method of "removing the top dominance" to shorten the annual top branches. Keep strong buds under clippings and remove 3 to 4 lateral buds to ensure good growth. This pruning method should be based on expanding the crown, increasing the number of flowering branches and promoting flowering inside and outside the plant. However, the sapling period should be based on the cultivation of the central branch, and reasonable selection and arrangement of side branches, to achieve obvious branches. 3. False bifurcation branches and flowers, the top end of the growth can not form the top buds, lateral buds opposite. One should be removed and the strong shoots kept to cultivate tall trunks. 4. Multi-branched branches such as oleander, Ruixiang and other flowers and trees, due to the lack of growth of the top buds, plastic pruning should adopt the "bud method" to re-cultivation center of the main branch. The number of flower buds of this type of flowers and trees is related to the angle of their development. When the angle is moderate, there is more flowering and more results. Third, follow the principle of the top advantage, control the tree shape to promote flowering. The different strengths of different apical dominance of tree species are different: 1. Conifers: The apical dominance is strong, and the competition branches near the main branch can be shortened to control their growth and ensure the top dominance of the central branch. 2. Broad-leaved trees: The apical dominance is weak, and the canopy is globular. Generally, the relationship between the main lateral branches is adjusted through short cuts, retractions, and bundles of branches to promote the growth of the flowers and the overall tree shape is good. The saplings of these trees are more dominant than old trees. Therefore, the saplings should be cut lightly to enable rapid shaping; the old trees should be cut to make new branches and increase their vigor. Fourth, plastic pruning should take into account the use of light energy. Cut off the top of shoots to germinate lateral shoots, form more middle and shorter shoots, and increase leaf area to increase light energy utilization. Fifth, plastic pruning should meet the laws of tree nutrients distribution and accumulation. For example, flowers usually undergo flower bud differentiation from July to August. At this time, the nutrition center will shift to the middle and short branches to ensure the number of flowering results. It is necessary to cut stubborn branches, pick hearts, and promote the concentration of nutrients on short and medium branches. In addition, overlapping branches, staggered branches, and dense branches should be cut off so that the leaves inside and outside the canopy can all see light and increase photosynthetic products. Six, must follow the growth and development of trees. By pruning, the relationship between plant growth and development is adjusted so that the nutrients are supplied to the desired site. Because of the different uses of flowers and trees, their purpose and methods of plastic trimming are also different. 1. Street trees: For the purpose of rapid growth, high trunks, and prosperous growth during infancy. Shaped to ensure that the growth of the stem after the growth of branches, heavy shear can promote growth. 2. Flower and fruit trees: When young trees are protected against premature aging, emphasis is placed on summer pruning. After the formation, the crown should be enlarged while ensuring flowering, and all kinds of backbone branches should be cultivated to maintain the balance of the tree. Should be strictly controlled leggy branches, competition branches and disturbing branches. In adulthood, permanent branch groups should be cultivated, and reserve branches should be left to alternate adult and alternate branches to increase ornamental value. For the old dead tree, it should be cut and dried on the basis of promoting root growth. Cutting tips, picking up the branches can be inhibited elongation, promote nutrition to the middle, short-stem transport, to achieve more flowering purposes. 3. Roof gardens and potted trees: In order to achieve a beautiful appearance, it is necessary to control growth and promote dwarfing. Pre-pruning to promote the formation of the main. In the later period, growth should be inhibited, and heavy shears should be used to produce large wounds on the trunk, which will play an old role. The extension branches of the main and lateral branches form the backbone of the tree, and the growth of the tree is controlled after it is formed. 4. Evergreen trees: The pruning of each season should follow certain rules, and the strength of pruning should also be different. The general principles are: light shear cuts 1/4 of branches, medium cuts cut 1/2 of branches, heavy cuts cuts 3/4 branches. Before heavy growth, it is necessary to re-cut, after entering the vigorous growth period, it needs to be properly trimmed according to the tree shape. 7. In order to achieve the desired requirements for ornamental flowers and trees, in the process of plastic pruning, aesthetic principles should also be followed, in which the principle of proportion and scale is more important. The ratio of crown width to tree height of ornamental trees is different, resulting in a great difference in aesthetic effect. When width and height = 1:1, it gives a feeling of correctness; when width and height = 1:1.414, it gives a kind of luxury. Feeling; when the ratio of the two is 1:1.732, it gives a sense of lightness; when it is 1:2, there is a sense of handsomeness; when the ratio of the two is 1:2.36, it gives a sense of upward. Balance and stability are also more important parts of the aesthetic principle. It is divided into symmetrical and asymmetrical equilibrium. In terms of volume, if you are big or small, there is a sense of insecurity. From the texture, the top is detailed, and the rough pruning below gives a stable feeling. 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