Comprehensive prevention of bitter apple disease

1. Increase organic fertilizer and improve the soil environment. Organic manure is not only rich in the elements needed for fruit tree growth, but also can provide certain calcium to the soil. It also provides energy and nutrient sources for the activities of soil microorganisms, accelerates the reproduction of microorganisms, promotes mineral transformation, and supplements various nutrients. Organic manure can also promote the formation of soil aggregate structure, improve the buffer capacity of the soil, reduce the inter-ion antagonistic and toxic effects, so that a variety of ions do not interfere with each other, but also can improve soil fertility and water conservation, reduce fertilizer loss.

2. Balance nutrition without disturbing each other. The various nutrients required by apples are equally important and irreplaceable, and there are ion antagonisms among various elements. For example, the continuous application of excessive nitrogen fertilizer on production leads to calcium deficiency and causes bitter pit disease. Therefore, it is necessary to use soil testing and fertilization to combine the amount and proportion of apple needed for fertilizer, what is lacking in supplements, balanced fertilization, balanced nutrition, and various kinds of soil. The nutrient content is in line with the needs of the apple, which not only increases the output but also does not antagonize each other. General results The amount of pure nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium absorbed by a tree for each hundred kilograms of fruit production is 1.12 kg, 0.48 kg, 1 kg, and appropriate trace elements, which can basically meet the normal growth and development of apples.

3. calcium deficiency calcium, focus on adjustment. For orchards that have suffered bitter pit disease, only special adjustments can be made to achieve significant results. The first is prevention during the growth period. The varieties used are calcium nitrate and calcium amino acids. The method and period of use are based on the law of calcium absorption in apple. The peak of calcium is required for apple after 3 to 6 weeks of flowering. Before and after apple blossom, calcium nitrate is applied to shallow water and sprayed 300 times for three times after flowering. Amino acid calcium. When the fruit is nearly mature, from the end of September to October, it is a small calcium peak that needs to be sprayed twice 300 times. The second is the prevention and control during storage. During storage, the fruit is showered with a 600-fold solution of calcium chloride aqueous solution, which also has a certain control effect on the appearance of bitter-bit disease symptoms in the late storage period. Through the above calcium adjustment, the park with severe bitter pit disease is basically controlled.

4. Reduce the load and concentrate on calcium. Reducing the amount of load is also one of the effective measures to reduce bitter pits, because in recent years, fruit growers generally pursue high yields. Many orchards are over ten thousand pounds. Fruits carry a large amount of calcium from the soil. Because there are not many special calcium fertilizers on the market, Only relying on foliar top dressing supplements is very small, it is difficult to meet the needs of apples, therefore, reducing the load is a relative reduction in the demand for calcium fertilizer, but also conducive to the production of high-grade fruit. The average yield per acre of fruit trees during full fruit period should be controlled at 2000 to 2500 kg and should not exceed 3,000 kg.

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