Fruit trees with organic fertilizer

Fruit trees need the balanced supply of nutrients. Although the nutrients in organic fertilizers are very rich, the proportion and content of NPK cannot fully satisfy the fruit tree growth needs. Especially in the process of composting and composting of organic fertilizers, the nitrogen content will further decline. If the single application of organic fertilizers meets the requirement of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium will be excessive, causing waste; if the phosphorus and potassium just meet the needs of fruit trees Nitrogen fertilizer is insufficient. Therefore, the simple application of organic fertilizer can not satisfy the demand of NPK in fruit trees at the same time, and should be applied in conjunction with chemical fertilizers.

First, the harm of fruit trees without ripe organic fertilizer

1. Burning roots Farmyard manure is mostly derived from animal waste. When these organic fertilizers are not cooked, their nutrient status is slow, and they cannot be directly absorbed and utilized by the roots of fruit trees. If they are applied, in the process of subsurface decomposing, they easily cause heat to cause root burns (commonly known as “burning roots”). Root rot caused.

2, nutrient release and tree need fertilizer is not synchronized. For example, in the fall, unfermented organic fertilizer is applied. Because of the low soil temperature, it takes a long time to decompose underground. In the spring of the second year, the tree needs a lot of nutrients, and the limited organic nutrients released by the slowly decomposing organic fertilizer can not meet the needs of the tree. At the same time, the microorganisms will also consume some of the nutrients (such as nitrogen fertilizer) originally found in the root soil of the fruit trees during the decomposed process. The trees often show malnutrition. After entering summer and autumn, the rainfall increases, the ground temperature rises rapidly, the decomposing speed accelerates significantly, and more organic nutrients that can be absorbed by the tree are released, resulting in accelerated tree growth, massive strips, poor fruit coloring, and excess nutrient growth. Poor flower bud differentiation, so that a large number of organic nutrients are wasted, and the nutrient supply to the tree is imbalanced. Some people once surveyed the excavation of orchards applied to raw manure and found that some of the raw manure remains in its original state after 3 years.

3, very easy to provoke underground winter pests. The organic fertilizer without decomposition is an ideal wintering place for many fruit tree pests because it contains a large amount of animal organic matter. It is particularly prone to infestation with fruit beetles (cockroaches), peach borerworms, ulnar catfish, boat-shaped caterpillars, and pear flower worms. Pest control is extremely unfavorable.

Second, the maturity and application of organic fertilizer stacking

When composting unprocessed organic fertilizer, the compost site should be selected on the leeward, sunny, and high-lying areas. The compost floor should be covered with agricultural membranes or cement floors. The livestock manure in the farmyard fertilizer should be crushed and the straw should be broken. Crushed in 5 cm below the roller compaction, and about 3% mixed with superphosphate and excrement toss and then stacked. The addition of calcium superphosphate is mainly to prevent the loss of nitrogen in organic fertilizers and to increase the activity of microorganisms. After stacking, smooth the surface with a spade, cover it with mud about 10 centimeters thick, or cover it with agricultural film, tightly press around, and create an oxygen-deficient environment to make it mature as soon as possible. Farmyard manure can decompose in about 60 days. When the color of organic fertilizer changes from gray to purple and black, and the texture is loose and there is bad odor, it means that it has been decomposed and it must be applied to the orchard in time. When fully applied organic manure is applied to the orchard, the fertilization ditch with a width of 30-40 cm and a depth of 30-40 cm should be selected outside the vertical projection of the tree crown, and the organic manure should be applied to the appropriate amount of fertilizer (nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer) and topsoil. Mix evenly and put it into the bottom of fertilization. Finally, cover it with the uncovered bottom soil, or spread it all over the garden and spread it into the soil after spreading. (Tian Yufu)

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