Straw returned to five suggestions

Straw returning to the field is a measure of fertility enhancement in the world today. It eliminates the air pollution caused by straw incineration and also increases fertilizer production. However, if it is not done properly, there may be various problems. First, it will hinder the emergence of seedlings and seedlings, and if the farmland soil conservation measures cannot keep up, it will also accelerate the loss of “green water” in cultivated soil. In turn, it is unfavorable for the high yield of winter wheat. It can be said that the problem of uneven seedling emergence and yellowing in the wheat field where the straw is returned is due to the non-standard straw returning operation and the poor quality of wheat sown.

In order to avoid problems such as poor seedling emergence and yellowing of wheat seedlings after returning straw to the field in the coming year, the following 5 suggestions are proposed for direct straw returning technology:

1. The amount of straw returned to the field. Whether it is straw mulching or converting to straw, the number of stalks must be considered. If the amount of straw is too much, it will not be conducive to rot and mineralization of the straw, or even affect the growth of seedlings or seedlings, which will lead to crop yield reduction. Too few to achieve the intended purpose. Generally 200 kg per mu is appropriate.

2, to use enough horsepower machinery to chop the straw, the length of not more than 10 cm, ploughing into the soil depth of 15 cm or less, covering the soil to be strict, suppressing the protection of lotus root, can not only accelerate the decomposition of straw without affecting seedling emergence.

3. With nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers. Fresh straw carbon and nitriding are large, and when applied to the fields, there will be competition between microorganisms and crops. In the process of maturity, straw will consume nitrogen and other available nutrients in the soil. In addition to the return of straw, fertilizers such as ammonium bicarbonate and superphosphate should be added to supplement the available nutrients in the soil.

4. Turn over time and moisture management. Can be harvested while reaping while harvesting, using more moisture when harvesting, and timely burial is conducive to decomposition. Soil moisture status is an important factor in determining the speed of decomposition of wheat straw. In terms of water management, if soil moisture is poor, irrigation should be performed immediately after ploughing. However, if moisture is good, it should be suppressed and the soil compacted to facilitate decomposition of straw.

5. Apply appropriate amount of lime. Fresh straw will produce various organic acids during the decomposed process, which will have toxic effects on crop roots. Therefore, when straw is returned to the soil in poor acidity and air permeability, appropriate amount of lime should be added to neutralize the organic acid produced. The application quantity should be 30-40 kg/mu, to prevent poisoning and promote decomposition of straw.

Diseased plant stalks carry germs and infect disease when returned directly to the field. High-temperature composting can be used to kill germs.

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