Cultivation Techniques of Begonia esculenta
Chaenomeles lagenaria is also known as the iron-footed sea bream, sea bream, rosaceae, and papaya. The flowers are fresh, plump and bright. They are one of the main spring flowers and plants in the garden. They can be planted and arranged in gardens, or they can be planted as hedgerows, and can also be used as potted plants. They are also ideal flower and fruit trees. Pile bonsai material. (A) Morphological characteristics and species deciduous shrubs, plant height 1 meter to 2 meters. Branches erect and erect, spiny glabrous, single leaves alternate, long ovate to elliptic, margins serrate, stipules large, kidney-shaped or semi-circular, no petiole, like amphibian. The flowers are solitary or clustered on the inside of the biennial branch. The pedicels are very short, like none, and stick to branches. The flowers are scarlet and pink and milky white. They open before the leaves or at the same time as the leaves. The fruit is spherical or ovate, yellow or yellow-green, and clings to the branches and grows without seeing fruit stems and aromas. Flowering period from March to April, mature in October, common horticultural varieties are var. nivalis, varrosea, var. sanguinea, var pygmaea and so on. (b) The ecological habits originate in southern China's North China, eastern North West China, and central China. It is cultivated all over the north and south. Adaptable, relatively hardy, North China can be exposed to the winter. Sensitive to the temperature response, the same place, planted in the leeward sun than in the shade should be 4 to 6 days ahead of flowering. Strict requirements on the soil, but not waterlogging, avoid moisture and drought. Excessive soil moisture, often thin plants, branches and leaves grow thin, significantly reduced resistance. Poorly drained soil and accumulated water often cause rot and, in severe cases, suffocation. The Begonia esculenta is a positive tree species and requires sufficient light, but it can still grow well in shade and grow normally. (3) Breeding methods Commonly used ramets, cutting propagation, sowing can also be used, but rarely used. 1. The ramets are carried out in early spring. After the soil thawing weather became warm, the whole pier plant was excavated and shaken off the roots of the soil. Then, a quick knife was used to split it from the middle of the cluster, and finally divided into two or four branches and a root cluster. Cut the branches that are damaged when dividing, and cut off the neck at the root of the root. The rest is about 10 centimeters short. Planted into pre-prepared seedbeds to strengthen management, after 1 to 2 years to the nursery. 2. The cutting propagation was carried out between June and July. The thicker new shoots were selected and cut into 12 cm to 15 cm long cuttings and inserted into the matrix of river sand or vermiculite. When a large number of breeding, you can choose a well-drained sandy loam soil, directly inserted in the soil. After the cuttings, shade and watering are needed to keep the soil moist, and new roots can be grown in about 40 days. After rooting, it is necessary to reduce the water spray and gradually extend the lighting time, and finally remove the arbor and strengthen the exercise. In cold places in winter, open cuttings need to be covered with grass or other measures to prevent overwintering. The second year of the transplant. Cuttings inserted in pure sand or vermiculite should be timely transplanted after rooting, otherwise new roots grow too long and cuttings lack nutrition for a long time, which is unfavorable for transplantation and growth. It can also be applied in the spring and can be rooted after 1 month. After the fall leaves, the mother can be planted separately. (D) cultivation techniques paste stem Begonia does not have strict requirements on the soil. Generally, loam or sandy loam grows well, especially in alluvial and gravel soils. When potting, potted soil is suitable for garden soil with higher fertility and incorporates a part of coarser sand. Pasteurica esculenta is able to withstand both drought and barrenness, so its cultivation and management are extensive. In order to make the lush growth of the plant cluster more colorful, proper water and fertilizer management should be carried out. Because it is more sensitive to water and fertilizer, excessive water and fertilizer often result in madness and reduced flowering. Normal management applies organic fertilizer (decayed manure or compost) once a year in the rhizosphere. The growth of plants is not very thin, and it is not necessary to top-dress during the growth period, and the amount of organic fertilizer can be increased in the fall. Pasteurella japonica grows more lushly and the tussocks are too dense, so pruning is an important management task. The purpose of pruning is mainly to improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions within the cluster, to avoid dense growth of branches, and then to control the growth of annual branches continue to grow, the base buds can not germinate, there is no top technology, can not form flower buds. The pruning of the bushes is carried out once every 1 to 2 years, and thinning and thinning are adopted. For annual branches, each year after deciduous to budding, remove the thin and weak branches and leave all new branches 2/3 to 1/2 to cut branches. Common pests are grasshoppers and red spiders. Aphids occur on shoots in spring and autumn. Most of the red spiders occur after late May. Control methods, choose the appropriate pesticide spraying. The management of the potted stem escarpment is due to the limitation of the root system to the pot, and attention must be paid to the management of water and fertilizer, otherwise the growth will be affected and the flower will be scarce. Generally, organic fertilizer should be applied once in late autumn or early winter, and liquid fertilizer should be collected once in spring. Fertilizer should not be thick, can be cooked cake water and so on. It is advisable to water to keep the soil moist.