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Cultivation Techniques of Crab C
[Latin name] zygocactus truncatus Morphological characteristics and varieties】 Crab ray is an epiphytic shrub. Leafy stalks many-sectioned, hypertrophy, ovoid, bright green, apex truncate, margin with coarse serrations. The flowers were born on the top of the stems, and the flowers were opened and recoiled. The colors were pale purple, yellow, red, white, pink, orange, and bi-color. In recent years, flower breeders in the United Kingdom, France, Germany, the United States, Japan and Denmark have done a large number of crossbreeding studies and 200 cultivars have been selected. Common White Christmas, White, Dorthe, Gina, Snowflake, Yellow GoldCharm, Christmas Flame, Gold Fantasy, Cambridge (Cambridge), Orange Anette, Frida, Purple Madonga, Pink Camilla, Madisto, and Eva. The common genus of ornamental species is S. crenatus with stalks of lavender and flower red, S.delicatus with white and open pink flowers, and saffron crabs with magenta flowers. S.altensteinii. In addition, S. russelliana, S. buckleyi, S. obtusangula, and S. bridgesii are both ornamental species. It is a good material for breeding. At the same time, according to the morning and evening of the flowering period, Crab Sawgrass is divided into early species, mesozoic species and late species. The flowering period of C. hirsutum from September to April is bright and colorful. [Biological characteristics] Cactus native to South America Brazil. It is an epiphyte cactus. In the natural environment, it is often attached to a tree or a humid valley. Therefore, the cultivation environment requires a half shade and moisture. Avoid sun exposure and rain during the summer and warm and sunny weather in winter. The fertile soil of the leaves, peat, and coarse sand must be fertile, with a pH of 5.5-6.5. The optimum temperature for the growth period of Crab Geranium is 18-23°C. The flowering temperature is 10-15°C, and it is not more than 25°C. It is best to maintain 15°C, and the winter temperature is not lower than 10°C. C. japonica is a short-day plant, so it can grow buds under short-day conditions. C. jasminoides is pollinated by birds in the country of origin, and artificial pollination is required for indoor cultivation to make it solid. [propagation methods] commonly used cuttings, grafting and sowing breeding. Cutting propagation: Choose a robust and thick stem section, cut 1 to 2 sections, and put it in a cool place for 2 to 3 days. After the incision is slightly dry, insert the sand bed. The substrate is 4:1 peat and sand. The temperature is 15 ~20°C. The humidity of the plugging machine should not be too large so as to avoid over-wetting of the cuts. 2 to 3 weeks after the start of rooting, potting can be 4 weeks later. Grafting and breeding: Compared with cutting propagation, the growth potential is high and flowering is early. It is usually conducted from May to June and from September to October. The amount of rootstock used for rootstock and tiger aphid need to be selected for large pot cultivation. The scions should be 2 to 3 stem segments. The lower end should be cut into a duck bill shape, which should be engaged with the wedges of the rootstock, and then inserted and fixed with a cactus with a long tooth or a disinfected toothpick. In general, one rootstock can receive 3 scions, each with a distance of 120. After grafting, the plants were placed in a half shade to maintain high air humidity. If the scion remains fresh and firm within 10 days after grafting, it has healed and needs to be carefully maintained. After 1 month, grafted living plants can be transferred to normal management. Seeding and breeding: The results of the artificial pollination of the clam blue orchid can only be achieved. Often used indoor potting, germination temperature of 22 ~ 24 °C, sowing matrix with peat, leaf soil, coarse sand mixed soil, before the need for high temperature disinfection. After the seeds of the crab claws were sown, the pots were covered with glass in order to maintain the humidity of the potted soil. 5 to 9 days after sowing, germination. Seedlings grow slowly and should be managed carefully. [Cultivation and management] The new shoots after propagation can be cultivated with 12 cm ordinary plastic pots or hanging pots, and 3 plants per pot. After being planted in summer, indoor ventilation should be kept cool, and the temperature is too high or the air is dry. This is unfavorable to the growth of stem segments, and the stem segments sometimes shrink and die. During the growing season, fertilize once every half month. In the autumn, 1 or 2 times of P and K fertilizers are applied. Grafting new branches, when watering, fertilizing, pay attention not to splash graft healing, in order to avoid rot. In the year, 20 to 30 flowers can be cultivated, and after 2 to 3 years of cultivation, one pot can open hundreds of flowers. Cuttings are planted and generally replanted after 2 to 3 years of cultivation. When flowering, the room temperature should not be high, and 10-15 °C is appropriate. The flowering period lasts for 2 to 3 months. Single flowers generally bloom after 1 week of opening. Don't move it during flowering so as not to break stems and flowers. After flowering, a generally short dormant state occurs, watering should be controlled, and fertilization should be stopped. After stem shoots grow new shoots, normal fertilizer and water management are performed. If the amount of water after flowering is too large, the root system will easily rot and the stem segments will shrink and die. Cactaceous orchids need to be flowered in advance, and can be treated for short days. Short daylight shading treatment for 8 hours per day can be flowered 1 month in advance and enter the market. [Pest and pest control] Anthrax often occurs in the case of anthracnose, rot and leaf blight, especially in high-temperature and high-humidity conditions. Severe plants should be removed and burned. At the beginning of the disease, 50% carbendazim WP was used 500 times, sprayed once every ten days and sprayed three times in total. When the scale insects are seriously damaged, the surface of the phyllosphere is covered with a white shell, so that the plant growth is weak, and the victim part is yellow-white. If the victim plants are lighter, they can be scraped off with bamboo. In severe cases, they can be sprayed with 25% imidothiophosphate EC 800 times. [Post-natal treatment] The crab claws are suitable for windowsills whether they are cultivated in potted or hanging pots. The entrance to the entrance to the courthouse and the exhibition hall were decorated and immediately filled with brilliance and beauty. Especially hanging hanging pots, rewinding flowers, bright and lovely, is an excellent interior decoration plants. As a commodity potted flowers, the crab claw is still of great development value. The potted crab claw orchid is an excellent New Year's Day, Spring Festival flowers, colorful crab claws, very attractive, and the market demand is good. As long as the varieties are well matched, the flowering period can be from September to May next year. With a short daylight treatment, the flowering period can be longer.