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Abalone mushroom bag cultivation high yield technology
1. Seasonal arrangement Abalone is a high-temperature type of bacteria, the temperature of mycelium growth is preferably 20-33°C, and the optimum temperature is 25-28°C. The fruit body growth temperature is 20-32 °C, the most suitable 27-28 °C. It can develop normally at 25-30 °C, and the fruiting body grows faster when it approaches 30 °C, but less when it is lower than 25 °C and higher than 30 °C. Mushroom buds do not occur completely below 20°C and above 35°C. Therefore, all localities should reasonably arrange the cultivation season according to the local natural temperature. South China can be cultivated in the spring, summer and autumn. In spring, the planting arrangement was carried out in February and the cultivation was carried out in a greenhouse. The production of cultivation bags in mid-March was also conducted in a greenhouse, and the mushrooms were produced from late April to May. At this time, the natural temperature has reached the required temperature for mushrooming. Summer cultivation is planned to produce cultivation bags in May and fruiting in the end of June. In the autumn, the mushrooming arrangement was made in July to produce the cultivation bag. From late August to September, the mushroom was produced. At this time, the pollution rate was low, the quality of the mushroom was better, and the value of the product was higher. 2. Formulation of Bacteria Formulation 1 Cotton seed hull 80%, bran 9%, corn flour 9%, sugar 1%, calcium carbonate 1%. Water content 65% - 70%. The pH is natural. 2 Cottonseed husk 60%, sawdust 20%, bran 14%, corn flour 4%, gypsum l%, sugar 1%. The moisture content is 65%-70%. The pH is natural. 3 50% cottonseed hull, 26%-27% husk, 20% bran, 1% sugar, superphosphate, gypsum, 60%-65% moisture content, pH is natural. A 35 cm l7 cm, 0.005 cm polypropylene plastic bag was used. 0.5 kg of dried material per bag, coated with a layer of lime slurry to prevent contamination. Take two inoculations. Each bottle of 750 ml of the original species can receive 20 bags. Protect bacteria from light at 28-30°C. Proper ventilation and ventilation are required during the culture, and it is found that the contamination is cleared in time. Generally, the mycelium can grow over 30 days. 3. Mushroom management will be filled with mycelium growing bag into the indoor or greenhouse fruiting. After the site is selected, it should first be sterilized by insecticide, and then pull out the tampon on both ends of the bacterium bag, take off the collar, and roll the plastic bag near the surface of the culture medium. The bacteria bags are piled up to a wall about 1 meter high, and the newspapers are shaded at the top to reduce the production of conidial stem bundles and conidia. The room needs some scattered light. Mushrooming stage: Keep the material surface moist and maintain the relative humidity of the air between 85% and 90%. Moisture management must also be carried out according to different developmental stages of the fruiting body: spraying a small amount of water during the bud application to keep the culture surface moist; when the mushroom bud grows into a cap and stipe, the amount of water spray should gradually increase to meet the mushroom body. The need for growth; when the fruiting body is close to maturity, more water is needed, but the moisture management should consider the moisturizing performance and climate change of the cultivation room. The temperature can be 25-30°C, and it can be sprayed once and twice in the morning and in the evening. l hour. Open the bag for about 10 days to pick the first tidal mushroom. It is best to mature when the mushroom grows, that is, when the cap is nearly flat, the cover edge is still rolled, and the spores have not yet been ejected. At this time, the quality of the mushroom is good and the value of the product is highest. 4. Cover soil and post-management bags Because of its nutrition, moisture, mycelium metabolism and conidia, abalone mushroom can have higher yield and superior quality when it is used for 1, 2 shiitake mushrooms, but after the third tide mushroom, Due to nutritional deficiencies, water loss, hyphae aging and pests and other reasons, production and quality have declined, and the caps have become thin, or have become deformed. Therefore, we have adopted a late-stage soil-covered cultivation, that is, after adopting the second tidal mushroom, the management technique of using bag-type soil-covered mushrooms has yielded significant improvements, and the mushroom quality is also good. 4.1 Soil preparation and construction. Abalone mushroom covering material: generally used humus more aggregate structure, permeability, strong water holding, pH 6-7.5 is most suitable. The moisture content is 65%-70%. Before use, mix 2% lime and 5% formaldehyde solution for spray disinfection. Mix well and cover with plastic film for 24-48 hours. Yangshuo is built in a greenhouse. The width is 60-100 cm, depending on the terrain and needs.畦 5-10 cm deep, surrounded by a good drainage ditch. Sterilize inside and around the bowl. 4.2 bags covered with soil. Remove the film from the second tidal mushroom bag and discharge it on a built-up trampoline. The bag is separated from the bag by about 4 cm, filled with culture soil, and then covered with soil after treatment. The soil thickness is 3-4 cm. Appropriate compaction leveling. 4.3 Management after earth covering. After covering the soil, we should always check the dry and wet conditions of the soil and conduct water spray management. Later, some vitamins and hormones can be added. In particular, B vitamins have a supporting role in the formation of fruit bodies, and hormones can promote the production of transformation. We commonly use 3 mg/l triacontanol and 5 mg/g of thiamine to wet the surface, and maintain a soil moisture content of 65% to 70%. At the same time, we do a good job of temperature-control moisturizing and ventilation. Ventilation twice a day, 30 minutes each time, sunny shade covered. After 10-20 days, primordia can be formed. Mushroom management ibid. Covering mushroom production can be increased by 30%.