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Pesticide type and method of use
Unprocessed pesticides produced by the factory are called raw drugs. In addition to a few varieties of the original drug can be used as a fumigant, the vast majority need to add some auxiliary agents, made of a certain form of the drug before they can be applied in production, this form of agent called the dosage form. In flower pest control, some flower growers do not know the formulation of pesticides and use them indiscriminately. As a result, they do not cause phytotoxicity, or fail to achieve the desired control effect. The following author describes several pesticide formulations and use methods. Emulsifiable concentrates are also known as emulsions. It is a transparent oily liquid that is made by miscibility with certain proportions of original drugs, organic solvents and emulsifiers. The solvent is used to dissolve the original drug, and the emulsifier makes the oil and drug mix evenly. The pH is generally 6 to 8 and the stability is above 99.5%. The emulsifiable concentrate has simple processing method, high content of active ingredients, convenient use, and wide range of uses. It is mainly used for spraying, and can also be formulated with poisonous soil, soaking seeds or splashing. When sprayed, the liquid can adhere well to the surface of the plant and is not easily washed by rain. The control effect is good and the residual effect period is longer. The disadvantage is that the cost is high. Organic solvents have the effect of increasing the penetration of pesticides into animals, plants, and humans. If they are used improperly, they are prone to injury from drugs and humans and animals. Powders are mixed with pesticides and clays, clays and other fillers in a certain proportion. After the powdered preparations are mechanically crushed, the fineness requirements of 95% pass through a 200 mesh sieve, and the active ingredients do not fail during the storage period. Deterioration, good fluidity and dispersion when sprayed. Powders are not easily wetted by water or dispersed and suspended in water, so they cannot be sprayed with water. A low-concentration powder can be directly used as a dusting agent, and high-concentration powders can be used as a seed dressing, soil treatment, or as a poison bait. Powder is easy to use, has high work efficiency, is not limited by water, and has a wide range of uses. However, when dusting, it is easy to drift, pollutes the surrounding environment, and does not easily adhere to the surface of flower plants. The dosage is large and the residual period is short. Wettable powder It is a powdered preparation made by mechanical mixing of a raw drug plus a filler, a suspending agent or a wetting agent. Its fineness is 99.5% passing through a 200 mesh sieve. Wettable powders can be wetted by water and evenly dispersed in water. The suspension rate in water is generally above 60%. Wettable powders are mainly used for watering sprays and cannot be used for direct dusting. Its advantage is that the droplets sprayed are relatively fine. On the surface of the plant, the adhesive force is strong. When the pesticide is applied, it is not affected by the wind force. The control effect is better than the powder of the same pesticide, and the residual period is longer. However, the wetting agent is required to be of good quality. If the humectant is not good, it will precipitate easily and cause uneven spraying, which may affect the efficacy or cause injury. Granules Granules are granule preparations made from original medicines, carriers (clay or sand, clay, coal cinders, etc.) and auxiliaries. The soil preparation is formed by mixing a powder or a wettable powder or an emulsifiable concentrate with a carrier in a certain proportion and uniformly drying. The granules have good sedimentation properties, low drift, and little effect on non-target organisms. Can control the release rate of pesticides, long residual period. Easy to use, not limited by water sources, and can make highly toxic pesticides less toxic and safe to pesticide application personnel. Mainly used for irrigation of leaves, applicator, spot application. Suspension A viscous suspension consisting of the original drug, water, dispersant and antifreeze. Such as 40% carbendazim suspension and 50% sulphur suspoemulsion. Mainly for conventional sprays, low-volume sprays and soaking can also be used. Smoke agent It is a fine powder that is made up of a pesticide original drug, a combustion aid and an oxidant. The advantages of the drug are easy to use, labor-saving, can be spread to other places where prevention and control methods can not be achieved, and are suitable for controlling insect pests and diseases and forest diseases and pests in warehouses and greenhouse greenhouses. Water dispersible granules It is a new granular formulation developed in recent years. It is made of solid pesticides, humectants, dispersants, thickeners and other additives and fillers. It is granulated with water and can disintegrate and disperse into suspension. The dosage form is characterized by good flowability, convenient use, no dust flying, and good storage stability, and has the advantages of wettable powder and suspension. Sustained release agents Sustained release agents are physical and chemical methods for the storage of pesticides in processed products (usually using waste plastics, bark, organic compounds, etc.) to make a dosage form. When pesticides are used, they can be slowly released, which can effectively extend the effective period of pesticides. Therefore, the residual period is prolonged, and the pollution and toxicity are reduced. The usage is generally the same as granules. Aqueous solution The water-soluble original drug is directly dissolved in water to form a liquid agent, which can be sprayed when diluted with water to a desired concentration. Aqueous agent is not resistant to storage, easy to hydrolytic failure, poor wettability, weak adhesion, and a long residual period. Water Solvent It is a soluble powder made by adding water directly from a soluble raw drug. Add water to dissolve as a liquid agent, and spray directly, water solvent soluble powder. The dosage form has the advantages of simple processing, convenient use, good efficacy, and easy packaging, transportation and storage. In addition, there are pesticide formulations such as tablets, bricks, pastes, and oils.