The delay of rice cultivation is not conducive to proper sowing of wheat

In recent years, due to the expansion of the application area of ​​late-maturing japonica rice varieties, and the wide application of late rice seeding methods such as direct-seeded rice and machine- inserted rice, the rice harvest period has been delayed in most of the province, and autumn harvest season has been tight. Affects the proper sowing of rice and bran wheat, at the same time it is not conducive to the improvement of sowing quality, and the emergence and growth of wheat are affected. Especially in the Huaibei region where rice and wheat are continuously planted in a tight season, the adverse effects of late rice harvest on the growth of post-harvest wheat are greater.
The proper sowing of wheat can make full use of the lukewarm resources of the suitable growing season in late autumn and early winter, so that the wheat seedlings can grow a certain number of leaves, tillers and roots before winter, accumulate more nutrients, and form strong seedlings for winter. Spring hair grows steadily, increase grain growth, and lay a good foundation for high yields. According to the requirements for proper sowing of wheat proposed by the provincial planting station, the best sowing date for semi-wintering wheat varieties in Huaibei district of our province is in the middle and early October. The semi-winter spring varieties along the Huaihe River are in late October, and the spring in the Central Jiangsu region. Variety in late October to early November, spring varieties in southern Jiangsu in late October to early November. Late sowing of wheat, due to lower temperature after sowing, delayed emergence, emergence rate and seedling rate decreased, and wheat seedlings before the small amount of vegetative growth, seedlings thin, with little or no tillering, is not conducive to safe winter; spring After the temperature rises, the number of tillers increased rapidly, but the number of ineffective tillers was higher, the nutrient consumption was larger, and the process of ear differentiation was faster, the ear development was poor, the infertility spikelets increased, and the number of grains per ear decreased, which was not conducive to high yield. Generally, the later the sowing date, the greater the adverse effect.
For the late harvest of rice, in order to grab the progress of the planting, rice seedlings should be planted in either direct seeding or no-tillage or paddy fields. At the same time, the amount of sowing should be appropriately increased to ensure the number of panicles. Generally every night sowing every day increase 0.5 million to 10,000 basic seedlings per acre, up to 80% of the expected number of spikes (cultivated in late sowing culms, no more than 350,000 basic seedlings per acre in Huaibei, up to 25 in Huainan Millions of basic seedlings). The seedling emergence rate in the field under low sowing sowing temperature conditions is only about 70%, and the seeding amount must be comprehensively determined based on factors such as seed germination rate, 1000-grain weight, and field emergence rate. In addition, we must also improve the structure of fertilization, and appropriately increase the proportion of jointing and panicle-fertilizing fertilizer in the total amount of fertilizer to reduce the number of degenerate florets and strive for large spikes. The amount of wheat seedlings used in late sowing is generally as long as the normal emergence and growth of wheat seeds can be ensured. The application amount accounts for about 50% of the total amount of fertilizers. The jointing and panicle-heading fertilizers in the middle and later stages should be appropriately increased, accounting for about 40% of the total amount of fertilizers. 50%; the remaining small amount of fertilizer is used as a balanced fertilizer.

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