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Corn stalks also pay attention to many things
Corn stalk is rich in organic matter and contains elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium necessary for crop growth. The straw is crushed and returned to the field, which can increase soil organic matter, improve soil pellet structure, and fertility, and improve soil water and fertilizer retention performance. However, the following points should be noted when straws are returned to the field: 1. Picking and picking of the temporal leaves should be performed as soon as possible without affecting the yield and quality of the corn. Due to the non-perishable loquat leaves, the ears of corn must be removed together with the loquat leaves. As far as possible, direct harvesting methods are used, because the straw is left in the field for a period of time and then pulverized after straw cutting. The straw has become yellow and dry, and the crushing effect is poor, and it is not easy to rot. Second, when the straw is to be finely ground, the straw should be chopped or shredded, and the length should be less than 5 cm. Straw length will affect the quality of burial, affecting sowing and emergence. Third, the amount of land to be returned to the field due to local conditions can increase soil fertility, increase production and income. However, it is not better to return more land. The number of returning fields should be determined according to the water source and farming conditions. In principle, it should be ensured that the returning field straw is fully rotted, and the quality of the ploughing can not be affected. For this purpose, dense-seedling corn can be taken either by taking stalks interlaced or by shortening them. In the previous year, the land that had not been used to return straw could be returned to the field. If straw is used to cover the field, it is appropriate to use about 3 tons per acre, with strict coverage as the standard. If the amount is too small and the cover is loose on the ground, it will not achieve the effect of protecting and inhibiting weeds. If it is used excessively, straw will not be easily rotted, and it will cause difficulties for deep plowing. Fourth, returning crops to the field immediately when the straw is directly overturned is generally buried and buryed, especially corn stalks. Because of the high moisture content of corn stalks during harvest, timely burial is beneficial to decomposition. Fifth, to strengthen the water management Soil moisture status is an important factor in determining the speed of straw decomposition, straw directly back to the field, if the situation is too poor, it should be timely irrigation. Sixth, timely deep ploughing and straw pressure directly back to the field, should pay attention to the stalk paving evenly, deep into the soil, rubbed flat compaction, to prevent running wind leakage. Large tractors can be used with high-pillar ploughs, rakes, squeezers, rakes, etc. to complete ploughing, repression, hoeing and other operations in one go; or deep plowing with small tractors, but the plough depth must not be less than 23 cm. Through this operation, it is possible to eliminate the straw and the overhead soil, and to protect the smashed soil so as to facilitate the growth of the crop. VII. When using nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer straws to return to the fields, there may be a conflict between crops and microorganisms competing for available nutrients, especially the phenomenon of nitrogen fight. Usually, the ratio of carbon to nitrogen in straw is 65 to 85:1, and the ratio of carbon to nitrogen required for microbial decomposition of organic matter in soil is 25 to 30:1. If nitrogen fertilizer is not added, decomposition of straw by microorganisms will inevitably compete with the crop for nitrogen in the soil. Moisture affects normal crop growth. Therefore, some nitrogen fertilizers should be used appropriately to reduce the carbon-nitrogen ratio of straw, in order to facilitate the microbial activities and the decomposition of organic matter, and also to solve the contradiction between microorganisms and crops fighting nitrogen. Generally 100 kg of straw plus 10 kg of ammonium bicarbonate or 3.5 kg of urea can be. For phosphorus-deficient soil, phosphorus fertilizer should also be added. 8. Fields with severe pests and diseases should not be returned directly to the field because straw is decomposed in the soil, unlike high-temperature composting, which can produce high temperatures, and germs and eggs on returned straw cannot be killed. Therefore, crops infected with soil-borne and disease-infected crops and straws with severe pests should not be directly returned to the field. They can be used as high-temperature compost materials, or used as feed and fuel after treatment to prevent the spread of pests and diseases. Nine, ensure the quality of wheat sowing Because of the increase of crop fiber in the soil due to the return of corn stalks, in order to ensure the quality of the next glutinous wheat sowing, it is best to use a disc type ditch planter, which has the advantage of cutting the soil and residue by the disc edge The shallow straw in the soil will further compact the soil and reduce the air leakage at the root and wheat seedlings. 10. In the early spring, supplement fertilizers and corn stalks to return land to plant wheat plots. In addition to applying fertilisers at the same time as returning cropland, it should be supplemented with 10 to 15 kilograms of ammonium bicarbonate per acre in early spring when soil is returned to the soil. Some phosphate fertilizers work better.