How to monitor the effect of autoclave

How to monitor the effect of autoclave

The effect of high-pressure steam sterilization is how to be monitored. It is necessary to have certain monitoring indicators. The monitoring of high-pressure steam sterilization effect mainly includes the following three.
Ways:

The first is process monitoring, also known as program monitoring. According to the gauge (pressure gauge, thermometer, chronograph), chart, indicator needle, alarm, etc. installed on the sterilizer, indicate whether the sterilization equipment is working properly or not. This method can quickly indicate the malfunction of the sterilizer, but it is not possible to determine whether the items to be sterilized meet the sterilization requirements. This method is used as a routine monitoring method and should be performed for each sterilization.
The second is chemical indicator monitoring. The use of chemical indicators to change the characteristics of heat discoloration or deformation under certain temperature and action time conditions to determine whether the parameters required for sterilization are met.
Commonly used are:
1) Self-made temperature measuring tube:
The crystal of some chemical drugs is sealed in a small glass tube (length 2cm, inner diameter 1-2mm). Commonly used reagents are benzoic acid (melting point 121-123 ° C) and the like. When sterilizing, when the humidity rises to the melting point of the drug, the crystal inside the tube melts. Afterwards, although it cools and then solidifies, its shape can still be distinguished from the unmelted crystal. This method can only indicate the temperature and cannot indicate whether the heat duration is It has reached the standard and is therefore the minimum standard. Mainly used for monitoring the central situation of each item packaging.
2) 3M pressure sterilization indicator tape : This tape is printed with a diagonal white indicating line pattern, which is a special color changing adhesive tape attached to the sterile bag to be sterilized. The adhesive surface can firmly seal the dressing bag, the metal box or the glass article, and after 100 minutes at 121 ° C and 4 minutes at 130 ° C, the tape is 100% discolored (the stripe pattern shows a black diagonal strip). 3M tape can be used to monitor the surface of the package and to monitor the condition of the packaging center. It can also be used instead of pins, clips or straps.
The third is biological indicator monitoring. The heat-resistant non-pathogenic bacterial spores were used as indicator bacteria to determine the effect of heat sterilization. The strain uses Thermobacillus thermophilus, which has strong resistance to heat, and its heat death time is similar to that of the most resistant botulinum spores in pathogenic microorganisms. The biological indicator has a budding suspension, a spore tablet, and a indicator tube mixed with the medium and the medium. Standard test kits should be used for testing. Two biomarkers at the center of each package are placed at five points in the sterilizer chamber, one at the center of the upper and middle layers, and one at the front, middle and back of the lower layer. point. After sterilization, the biological indicator was taken out, inoculated into bromocresol purple glucan protein in water, and cultured in a 55-60 ° C incubator for 48 hours to 7 days, and the final result was observed. If the color does not change after the culture, it is clear and transparent, indicating that the spore has been killed. The sterilization requirements are met. If it turns yellow turbid, it means that the spores are not killed and the sterilization fails.

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