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Battery Usage and Maintenance Points
The battery, also called a battery, is a device for storing electricity and power. In the past, it was mainly used in various automobiles and motorcycles. In recent years, with the rapid development of combine harvesters and deformed transporters, the use of batteries in agricultural machinery has increased. Although the battery may seem simple, its technical content is relatively high. The service life of the battery is extremely relevant to the user's use and maintenance. Properly, it can generally be used for more than three years, and is not suitable. It will be scrapped in half a year or even several months. The batteries used on combine harvesters and deformed conveyors are generally 6 grids of 12 volts and rated capacity of 120-150 ampere hours, each priced at 300-400 yuan. Therefore, if the use of improper maintenance, resulting in premature battery scrap, the user economic losses are not small. Although most agricultural users do not have appliances such as universal meters, electrolyte concentration meters, high-rate discharge meters, and chargers, they also lack the theoretical knowledge of batteries and there are certain difficulties in the inspection and maintenance of batteries. However, as long as they can do so, The following points, the technical performance and normal life of the battery can be basically guaranteed. First, the installation should be strong and shockproof. The battery is installed on the mounting seat of the locomotive, and it is required to be fastened firmly. When the locomotive is jolting on a bumpy road, the battery must not be bumped up or down in the mounting seat. The bottom of the battery should be covered with a rubber shock-proof gasket to prevent the shell from shattering. , Loose ends and internal plates are damaged. Second, the time to start the engine should not be too long. When the battery is starting the engine, the discharge current is large. If the battery is operated for a long time, the sulfuric acid will not penetrate into the interior of the plate, causing the battery capacity to be reduced and the battery to be damaged prematurely. Therefore, each start-up time should not exceed 5 seconds. Once it cannot be started, it should wait for half a minute before starting. Do not start continuously. If three starts cannot, check the cause of the engine. Third, we must promptly check the battery electrolyte level, and timely addition of distilled water or electrolyte. The electrolyte in the battery will decrease as it decomposes and naturally evaporates during charging. When the plate exposes the liquid surface, the exposed part will be quickly vulcanized, so that the capacity of the battery will become smaller, and even if the electrolyte solution is submerged, it will be difficult for the cured plate to recover. Therefore, it is very important to timely check the height of the liquid in the battery and add liquid at a proper time. It is usually checked once a week in the summer and once in the winter. The battery with a translucent plastic casing can see the internal liquid level outside the casing. There are two upper and lower marking lines on the casing. The liquid level height can be between these two marking lines. Use black plastic for the battery, check to open the liquid cover, you can directly observe the estimated height of the liquid level, you can also use a small glass tube to insert the battery, use your finger to hold the glass tube, remove the electrolyte to check . Under normal circumstances, the electrolyte liquid level should be 10-15 mm above the plate. When it is found that the liquid level is too low, it should be filled with distilled water. If the electrolyte is poured out or spilled, the electrolyte should be added. Distilled water and electrolytes are available in battery stores. It should be noted that ordinary water such as tap water, river water, well water, etc. cannot be added as distilled water. Fourth, we must promptly remove dust and dirt between the poles of the battery, and clear the ventilation holes on the liquid cap. The upper surface of the battery is likely to accumulate dust, which inevitably leaks out of the electrolyte. The dust soaked by the electrolyte has good conductivity, and the battery can perform self-discharge through the dirt, thereby accelerating the loss of the battery. Therefore, these dirt should be wiped clean in time. There is a ventilation hole on the filling hole cover, which is used to release a large amount of gas discharged when the battery is charged. When checking normally, it is also required to check if the hole is blocked by dirt. If the obstruction should be cleared in time, the air pressure in the battery is too high. Highly burst shell or cover. Fifth, we must always check the positive and negative pole pile and the connection wire connector is good. The positive and negative electrodes of the storage battery and the connecting wire are generally fixedly connected with iron wire, and the electrolyte is easy to erode the wire and pincer mother so that the connection is loosened and the contact resistance is increased, thereby causing the motor to start without power or start. Therefore, always check whether the place is loose and tighten in time. In addition, there is another place that can be easily overlooked: the two contact surfaces between the pole piece and the connecting wire connector, whether there is serious oxidation or dirt, and if so, the current flows there even if there is no looseness of the connecting wire. When the resistance is still large, it will cause the motor to start or fail to start. At this time, the blade is used to scrape the two contact surfaces and then connect them. After connection, the surface of the joint is preferably coated with butter to prevent oxidation and electrolyte corrosion. Sixth, when the battery is depleted, it is necessary to make a supplementary charge in time. In peacetime, if the light is dim, the hoarseness of the horn sounds, and the powerlessness starts, it indicates that the battery is seriously depleted. Depleted battery plates can easily be vulcanized, causing the battery capacity to decrease, internal resistance to increase, and output current to decrease. At this time, the battery should be charged in a timely manner with a charger until a large amount of air bubbles are generated in the electrolyte. It should be noted that the time for charging the battery is not as long as possible. Overcharging for a long time will not only increase the battery capacity, but will lead to premature release of the active material on the plate and shorten the service life of the battery. 7. During long-term deactivation of the machine, the battery should also be periodically charged and maintained. Combine harvesters are seasonal machines, and their operating hours are mostly only one or two months or longer, and they are idle most of the time. The author once encountered such a machine. After harvesting the late rice in the first year of his harvester, he paid no attention to the battery. When the rice is harvested in the second year, the battery is taken to the repair department and charged. Still difficult to start, had to buy a new battery. It should be noted that there is a problem of internal self-discharge of the battery, and the self-discharge amount is about 2% per day. That is to say, if the battery is fully charged, even if it is not used at all, after a long time, the battery will be discharged by the internal self-discharge. . The loss of the battery, the polar plate will be soon vulcanized, thus greatly weakening the power storage capacity. Therefore, the harvester user, it is best to add a charger, the harvester is disabled, the battery should be charged once a month, each about 10 hours. Eighth, should pay attention to the new battery's initial charge. After the newly purchased lead-acid battery is filled with electrolyte, current can be output, but at this time it cannot be put into use. It must be charged after being used. The initial charge of the current size, time, charge and discharge cycles and other processes should be strictly in accordance with the norms of operation. Due to the seriousness of the initial charging, the performance and life of the new battery will be greatly affected. Therefore, the user should select a professional battery store or repair department with a good professional ethics and technical quality. Some stores or repair departments earn money with conscience and even use tap water as the distilled water to modulate the electrolyte. The batteries that are filled with this electrolyte increase the internal self-discharge and shorten the service life. For the new dry charge battery, after adding the electrolyte for half an hour, it can be directly put into use, but it is also best to use it once again. Nine, the mechanical maintenance, do not put the tool on the battery. Some batteries, there is no insulating cover above, maintenance of machinery, such as casually put the head, screwdriver and other metal tools on the battery, it is easy to cause the battery short circuit or damage. 10. Be careful when lifting and handling. When disassembling the battery, in the case of screw thread corrosion difficult to screw, can not be beaten, the battery is relatively heavy, be careful when handling, not brute force and heavy, so as not to cause the active material off the pole plate, pole loose, shell shock Cracking and other ills.