The cultivation and management technology of Chinese herbal medicine Astragalus

Astragalus membranaceus is a perennial herb that is rooted in medicine and generally produces 400-500 kilograms per mu. It is a crop with higher economic value. Plant height 40-40 cm. The leaves are pinnately compound and alternate with small leaves that are oval or oblong. Racemes, born at the apex of stems and branches, corolla butterfly-shaped, pale yellow. The capsule is semicircular, slightly flat, with a few brown seeds inside. The main root is slender, cylindrical, yellow-brown, slightly lignified and not easily broken. The adaptability of Huangqi is very strong. Generally, the soil can be planted, drought-tolerant and cold-resistant. It can overwinter in the fields, but it is afraid of stagnating water and avoiding heavy rain.
I. Cultivation techniques
1. Choose the suitable neutral or slightly alkaline sandy soil or surface sand land for site preparation. When plowing, deep plowing 30-40 cm, basal fertiliser 4000 kg per acre, 25 kg diammonium phosphate or 50 kg phosphate fertilizer, 50 kg of cake fertilizer available conditions, turn the fertilizer into the soil, open the ditch after the flood level, so that The soil is solid, slightly dry and ready for sowing.
2, seed treatment before sowing by boiling water germination method, that is, put the seeds in boiling water, stirring for 1 minute, immediately add cold water to adjust the water temperature to 40 degrees, soak 2 hours, the water is poured out, covered with a damp cloth, bored for 12 hours, Seed can be sown when the seeds are inflated or the skin is broken.
3, sowing (1), sowing time. Spring sowing in the Spring Festival to the Ching Ming Festival, the summer before and after the summer solstice, before and after sowing in the white dew, autumn seeding does not emerge in the year. (2) Sowing amount. 1.5-2 kg per mu. (3), sowing depth. According to the spacing of 22 cm to 3 cm deep shallow ditch, the seeds will be sprinkled in the ditch, covering the soil can be suppressed slightly.
4, field management before sowing after sowing, if the weather is not dry, moist in the cassia, generally do not water, seedlings 4-5 leaves, when the seedlings, seedling height 10 cm, according to the spacing of 8-10 cm seedlings, according to the force The difference is that planting density should be controlled at 25,000-35,000 plants per acre. After setting seedlings, generally do not water, keep the ground a little dry, soil loose, in order to facilitate the root growth. Each year in May, June and September watered once. According to the fertility of soil fertigation, if the soil is barren, the basal fertilizer is insufficient, and it is appropriate to top-dress fertilizer with two fertilizers at seedling stage and early flowering stage. If the soil fertility is higher, the basal fertilizer is enough to be top-dressed at the early flowering stage. The total amount of fertilizer is 15 kg of urea and 50 kg of fermented cake.
Second, pests and weed control
1. Powdery mildew in the occurrence period of powdery mildew in June-August can be controlled by spraying 20% ​​Trigonine powder or 20% Daisymax or 70% thiophanate-methyl or 70% mancozeb and other fungicides 500-800 times spray. . 7-10 days, spray 2-3 times.
2, red root disease Astragalus occurs throughout the reproductive period of the pest, can be used 55% of the enemy dunk pine, Eurasian anti-dry tyrants or 32% gram of bacteria or 25.9% euphobic 007 fungicide 500-800 times spray control, 7-10 days Prevention 1 times, even prevention 2-3 times.
3, soybean meal, cotton bollworm can use 0.2% azithromycin or 20% insecticide and other insecticide 1000-1500 times spray control.
4, weeds control weeds at the seedling stage available 48% trifluralin EC, 0.1 kg per mu, watered 30 kilograms spray control of grass weeds.
Third, harvest processing
1. Collecting Seeds Summer and autumn fruits are mature and drooping. When the seeds turn brown, they are harvested. With harvesting, the seeds will be scattered underground. After the fruit is harvested, it is sun dried and threshed, and impurities, grains, insects, and grains are removed, and jars or cloth pockets are sealed. They cannot be packed in plastic bags so as not to affect the germination rate.
2, root processing planted 2-3 years after the jaundice in the cold dew to frost on the ground when the stems and leaves withered when the plan, the root carefully excavated, shake off the dirt, dried, tied into a small medicine.

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