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1. Improve the warmth of the facility and increase the temperature of the greenhouse. This work should be done from the time of building the greenhouse. According to the latitude of each region, the suitable greenhouse height and the angle between the film and the ground are selected to optimize the photothermal effect of the solar greenhouse as much as possible. The cover of the greenhouse must be effective and impractical. If necessary, add a layer of straw curtains to the bottom corner of the sunny side or install a hot stove to increase the night temperature in the shed. In addition, the surface of greenhouse greenhouse film should be cleaned frequently to increase the light transmittance.
2. Grasp the sensitivity of breeds to temperature. It is better to use uncultivated varieties after experiment and then plant them in large areas. According to the local climatic conditions, choose the appropriate sowing date and planting period, and when encountering special weather, Cold measures may be taken to protect vegetables from cold damage.
3. Use temperature-changing management when raising seedlings. Strengthen the training of cold-resistance ability. Seedlings of fruit and vegetables should be subjected to variable-temperature management according to the development requirements of seedlings and cultivate strong seedlings. Generally, after sowing, the temperature should be increased. After emergence, the temperature should be lowered to avoid leggy; after the sub-seedling, the temperature should be raised again to promote the growth of new roots; the temperature should be reduced before planting to increase the cold resistance of the plants. In the cultivation of tomato seedlings, when the flower buds are differentiated (usually after two true leaves), the temperature at night is appropriately increased to keep the night temperature at about 15°C as much as possible to prevent the occurrence of malformed fruit.
4. Do a good job in the management of temperature, moisture and nutrients in the vegetable growth period. To control the temperature of the greenhouse, avoid overheating of the greenhouse when it is sunny, especially when the temperature of the greenhouse is too high, reduce the air supply and avoid sudden fluctuations in room temperature. . In cloudy days, it is necessary to shorten the time for exposing the curtains, reduce the number of entrances and exits to the greenhouse, and maintain the temperature of the shed as much as possible. To avoid planting plants in vigorous growth with cold water when the greenhouse temperature is high. When yellowing occurs on a continuous cloudy day, 0.5% to 1.0% sucrose + 0.1% to 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed solution can be used to supplement nutrition. When a continuous cloudy day causes plants to burp, they generally cannot water. If the weather starts to turn and the soil is dry, when watering is necessary, use a kettle to warm the water. Never use cold water to flood the area. To prevent the plants from being exposed to sunlight during a long period of sunny days, you can use the method of back squeezing (or squeezing them in intervals, or using back insulation for a long time) to avoid sudden high temperatures. When the cucumber appears to have a flower topping, some of the juvenile melons may be properly removed to allow the shoots to elongate. In addition, spraying high-efficiency foliar fertilizers to strengthen the growth of vegetables will also help increase the cold resistance of the crops.
5. Before the emergence of low temperature or night water, this work applies to open-grown vegetables. When the weather forecast will appear cold weather, timely release of smoke can use its drift, coverage under the inversion layer, prevent large amounts of radiation at the ground temperature, in order to increase the ground temperature. You can also use night water to increase the temperature of the microclimate of vegetable fields. This measure is usually conducted in the middle of the night. When you pour, you must control the amount of water so as not to affect the temperature.
How to prevent cold damage to vegetables
The chilling injury of vegetables generally means that when the temperature has not reached the freezing point, the low temperature causes the physiological abnormality of the vegetables. The common cold injury is divided according to the symptoms: leaf spot, yellowing, wilting, flower topping, abnormal flower and fruit, early flowering or early bolting, falling and fruit falling. The prevention method is described below.