Occurrence and Control of Winter Jujube Frost Damage

The freezing injury of winter jujube tree experienced two processes of freezing injury and freezing in early winter. In mid-October, the leaves have not fallen off, the sap has not completely returned, nutrients have not been converted and stored in time, did not enter the dormant period, and the temperature suddenly dropped, causing the cells to freeze in the body, destroying the structure of the protoplasm; After heavy snowfall and heavy snowfall, it suffered a long period of low-temperature weather. Sustained low temperatures further increased the jujube trees, formed ice on the trees, and lasted for a long time to freeze the trees.
The damage of winter jujube tree was mainly caused by cold damage of shoots, freezing injury of branches, frost damage of branches and freezing injury of interface parts: (1) Immature shoots were undeveloped, and the unprotected tissues, underdeveloped protective tissues, and dead and dead due to freezing injury; 2 interface parts freeze injury. At a distance of 10 cm above the interface, it is the snow in the ground area that is exposed to low temperatures for a long time, causing the bark to become frozen, the xylem and the bark to turn brown, and the partial freezing injury occurs in the shade of the trunk, with the formation of ring-shaped necrosis. After germination, the plants gradually drained and wilted, and finally the whole plant died; 3 shoots were freeze-damaged. The normally-developed shoots have stronger cold-resistance than twigs, but freeze-damage occurs when the temperature is too low. The appearance of some shoots did not change, but the germination was late, the leaves were thin or deformed, the growth was not normal, the xylem was cut open and the color became brown, and then the black heart was formed. In severe cases, the entire shoots died of dryness; 4 branches were frozen and killed. Under the frozen twigs, the cortex is subsidence or cracking, and the internal mountains are dark brown and the tissues are dead. In severe cases, the large shoots also die. 5 In addition, frost damage in the root system and frost damage in the flowering period may also occur.
Some remedial measures after frost damage have occurred. The spring remedies are as follows: 1 After freezing injury, do not prune in winter. After germinating in the second spring, prune according to frost conditions, gently cut and long bloom, and keep less flower buds. Loading; 2 early spring topdressing urea, spraying urea after germination, prompting the tree to restore the tree vigor as soon as possible; 3 timely scraping of dried or decayed cortex and root dead skin, coated with 5 degrees lime sulfur protection Wounds, extermination of pathogens, prevention of diseases such as rot, and then open the topsoil dry root diameter 1 meter range. Generally 1 to 2 weeks can restore growth; 4 prevent disease pests. After the fruit trees are frozen, they are vulnerable to diseases and insect pests and pesticides must be sprayed in time. The commonly used fungicides are: 50% carbendazim WP 800 times, 50% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder 800 to 1000 times, and 50% bacteriostatic wettable powder 600 to 800 times. The commonly used insecticides include 40% Dimethoate Emulsion 1500x, 50% Phoxim Emulsion 1500x, 50% Dichlorvos Emulsion 1000x, 2.5% Deltamethrin Emulsion 3000x, and 20% Zulfurav Emulsion 500 to 800 times liquid.

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