Understanding energy plants

With the continuous depletion of non-renewable mineral resources such as oil, in the long run, the shortage of liquid fuel will be a major problem that hampers human development. For this reason, people are turning their attention to renewable resources - forests. In addition to using their fuel wood, they are accelerating the development of "oil plantations" or "plants of energy plants." The development and utilization of bio-oil has become a major global Hot spot.

Energy Plants, also known as petroleum plants or biofuel oil plants, generally refer to those plants that have the ability to synthesize higher reducing hydrocarbons, produce products that are close to petroleum components and can be used in place of petroleum, and are rich in oils and fats. plant.

Energy plants mainly include the following categories:

Energy plants rich in similar petroleum components The main components of petroleum are hydrocarbons such as alkanes, naphthenes, etc. Hydrocarbon-rich plants are the best source of plant energy, with low production costs and high utilization rates. They have been discovered and received Experts appreciate the continuation of children, green jade trees, rubber trees and Simond Wood.

Carbohydrate-rich energy plants The final products obtained with these plants are ethanol, such as cassava, sugar beet, sugar cane, and the like.

Oil-rich energy plants These plants are not only an important part of human food, but also the raw material for industrial use. There are more than 10,000 kinds of oil-rich plants in the world. There are close to a thousand species in China, and some of them contain high oil content. For example, the seed oil rate of the wood ginger seed reached 66.4%, the seed oil rate of the yellow blood shoot fishing rod was as high as 67.2%, and there were other plants such as Xanthium. There are generally three types of oil-producing plants: one is the Euphorbiaceae plant, which can be made into petroleum-like fuel, and the liquid fuel made from Crotonia of the Euphorbiaceae can be used for diesel engines. The second is leguminous plants, and bitter gourd is one of them. Calvin, a chemistry professor at the University of California in the United States, discovered in Brazil that drilling a hole in the trunk of bitter pitted Pakistan would allow oil to flow out. Each hole would flow for 3 hours and would yield between 10 and 20 liters of oil. This oil can be used directly on diesel engines. It is estimated that 1 hectare of bitter quinoa plants can produce 50 barrels of oil each year. The third is other woody plants, such as oil palm trees, Nanyang oil tung, Australian broadleaf kapok and so on. American scientists planted 1 hectare of oil-bearing oysters through trial planting, and at least 25 barrels of bio-oil can be harvested each year. These bio-oils are made from improved clean fuel at a lower cost than natural oil; Brazil tries to plant oil palm trees after 3 years As a result of the initial oil production, 10,000 kilograms of oil can be produced per hectare.

At present, most of the energy plants are still in the wild or semi-wild state. Humans are studying the application of genetic improvement, artificial cultivation or advanced biomass energy conversion technologies, etc. to improve the efficiency of the use of bioenergy and produce various clean fuels, thereby replacing Coal, oil, natural gas and other fossil fuels will reduce dependence on fossil fuels, protect national energy resources, and reduce environmental pollution caused by energy consumption. It is estimated that the annual fixed energy of green plants is equivalent to 60 billion tons to 80 billion tons of oil, which is 20 times to 27 times the world's total annual oil production, which is equivalent to about 10 times the world's main fuel consumption. The annual fixed energy use of green plants as an energy source is less than 1 percent of the total. At present, many countries in the world have begun to conduct research on energy plants or oil plants, and through introduction and cultivation, establish new energy bases, such as “oil botanical gardens” and “energy farms,” so as to meet the energy structure adjustment and biomass requirements. Energy needs. Experts believe that bioenergy will become an important part of the future of sustainable energy. By 2015, 40% of global total energy consumption will come from bioenergy. Therefore, energy plants have broad prospects for development and utilization.


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