Xiaoyue Yan pointed out that the nematode disease gradually increased in the vegetable field, mainly because: First, one or two kinds of vegetables were continuously planted for a long time, and the number of pathogenic nematodes continuously accumulated; second, nematodes were more harmful to the roots, and the aboveground parts mainly exhibited slow growth and yellow plants. Thin, often thought it was a fertilizer problem, did not pay attention to the inspection and control of nematode disease; Third, even if it was found wired insects, insecticides often used on the nematode does not play much. In addition, the greenhouses in the northern greenhouses provide nematodes with conditions for safe wintering, which is also an important factor for their continued rise. How to distinguish between nematode disease and deficiency symptoms? Xiaoyue Yan said that from the aboveground point of view, nematode disease and malnutrition are indeed not easy to distinguish, all make plants yellow, thin, short, the fruit can not be mature. Be sure to dig up the roots to observe when making a diagnosis. During the investigation, it was found that most of the nematodes in the vegetable fields in the north were root-knot nematodes. As their name suggests, they will grow tumors on the roots of diseased plants, small grains like millet grains, large green beans, round, spindle-shaped, or irregularly shaped, late stage. It will also rot, grow up or other germs. But the first plant to infect may be nematodes. Xiaoyue Yan said that nematode diseases are not very good and the nematodes can tolerate many pesticides, and many of the effective pesticides in the past are forbidden to use because they are extremely toxic to humans and animals or seriously pollute the environment, such as carbofuran, aldicarb, Methylisoprophos, phenoxyphosphoric acid (Ke line phosphorus, Limanku), etc., can be used in the orchard, peanuts, wheat fields, some of the agents, such as C, phosphoric acid, sulfur sulfur can not be used for vegetable land. Therefore, we must strengthen agriculture and physical control in particular, but we must also develop biological control. Specific methods include: implementation of quarantine and rural health, that is not to allow nematodes to pass seeds, seedlings or soil manure into the farmland, diseased plant debris should be brought out, concentrated deep buried; high temperature shed, is the use of high temperature above 55 °C Elimination of nematodes. The specific approach is to turn the ground, sprinkle chopped straw or flower stalks, splash lime water, plowing about 30 centimeters, and then covered with water after permeable membrane, greenhouses have to be sealed, so closed for more than 15 days. You can kill this nematode. In the north, plowing in winter is used. In the winter, worms can be used to kill nematodes in cold weather. Crop rotations and crop rotations such as welsh onions, leeks, peppers, and garlic are used as crop rotations; disease-resistant varieties are selected. Xiao Yueyan pointed out that some pesticides can also be used to prevent and control. If the soil is treated with avermectin, thiazolyl (10% blessing more than), mycelia, and other agents before sowing, these agents can be used to irrigate the roots at the beginning of the disease. He also reminded farmers and friends that we must pay attention to human and animal safety.
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Various methods can prevent vegetable nematode diseases
Not long ago, the reporter listened to a lot of peasants and reflected that in recent years, vegetable field, especially protective field nematode disease has become increasingly serious, almost all vegetables, such as cucumber, bitter gourd, tomatoes, carrots, eggplant, potatoes, sweet potatoes, beans, and even spinach Will happen. Because of the strong concealment of nematode diseases and the difficulty in prevention and control, farmers have suffered serious losses due to reduced production and income. How to diagnose nematode disease? What are the best ways to prevent it? This reporter interviewed Professor Xiao Yueyan of the College of Agronomy and Biotechnology at China Agricultural University.