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Mushroom hyphae atrophy prevention and control method
In mushroom cultivation, it is often encountered that the mycelium does not eat, yellow, and shrink after germination, which seriously affects the development of mushroom production. The causes and prevention methods will be introduced as follows: First, high-temperature burning bacteria. The sowing temperature was high, the culture material was too thick, the temperature of the material after fermentation did not decrease steadily, and the temperature in the culture material was higher than 30°C. Prevention methods. The sowing period of the mushrooms should be avoided during the sowing period. The sowing temperature should be stable below 25°C. After sowing, the mycelium is found to be shrinking due to high temperature. It should be re-turned and ventilated, and then the humidity of the culture materials should be adjusted and replanted. Second, the material has ammonia. When the heap was built, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer was too much, or the nitrogen fertilizer was added too late (it was only added when the latter was turned). After the bacteria seeds were sown, ammonia gas was present in the culture material. Prevention methods. When chemical fertilizers such as urea are added to the culture materials, they must be added when the heap is built, and secondly, it is appropriate. Ammonia gas was found in the material, doors and windows were opened in time, and 2% formaldehyde solution was sprayed to turn over the material. After the ammonia smell was absent, the seeds were replanted. Third, the culture material is too dry. When the planting material is dry, if the climate is dry, Cao will grow slowly after germination and become weak and weak. Prevention methods. The material surface can be covered with a layer of wet straw (soaked in 0.5% lime water) to allow the hyphae to re-emerge and eat. Seeding is in dry weather. Close doors and windows 3 days after sowing. It is better to use layer broadcast and cover seeding. Fourth, the material is too much water. Excessive water content in culture materials, high temperature after covering the soil, or heavy water spray at high temperatures, and no timely ventilation, so that mycelium due to lack of oxygen supply, decreased vitality and atrophy. Prevention methods. Pay attention to control the moisture when stacking materials. If the moisture content of the material is found to be too high when it is turned, it should be spread out and then dried. The water content of the fermented material should be 60-65%. After the late spray heavy water caused by the shrinkage of seedlings, ventilation, hyphae can resume growth. The total thickness of the bed cover soil shall not be less than 4-4.5 cm. 5. The quality of the bacteria strain is poor. The bacteria species on the way to the seeds are heated, which reduces the vigor of the mycelium. The bacteria species cannot be used in time. The strains are aged and the growth potential becomes weak. After sowing, the adverse environment will cause the seedlings to shrink. Prevention methods. Choose suitable culture materials to cultivate bacteria, strains should be thick and strong mycelium germination; when buying species to avoid the high temperature days; do not use old strains of seed. Six, insect pests. The main pests are apes, which are difficult to see in the early stages and are mainly harmful to mycelia, causing the hyphae to break and shrink. They can bring pests into compost and overburden and cause serious damage. Prevention methods. The production of earthworms is related to the cultivation materials, soil cover, and bacteria, so comprehensive prevention and control is required. Do a good job in the post-fermentation culture materials, cover soil to be insecticidal treatment, strains in the day before sowing with dichlorvos fumigation and so on. In addition, the mushroom powder can be effectively sprinkled into the material before sowing. Found in the cultivation of earthworms, early control with chemicals.