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1. Disease Symptoms Autumn zucchini virus disease has three types, mosaic type: leaves show yellow, green and white piebald, uneven foliage, new leaf deformities, vines and internode shortening. Fern leaf type: Dwarfing symptoms, leaf shrinkage, distortion, new leaves long, chicken-like or linear. Mixed type: mosaic, fern leaf and both diseases. Poor development of diseased plants, poor flower development, it is difficult to sit melon, is sitting on a small melon, melon surface has knob-like protrusions, loss of food value.
2. The infection path was mainly caused by single or combined infection of various viruses such as cucumber mosaic virus, melon mosaic virus and tobacco mosaic virus. There are three main routes of transmission: one is the virus infection of the seed; the second is the infection with aphids and Laodelphax striatellus with virus; and the third is contact with disease-free plants after field operations, and then contact with disease-free plants, and the disease-free plants are infected. In addition, the disease spread rapidly in natural environments with strong sunlight, high temperatures, high humidity, or severe drought.
3. Control measures
3.1 Rotation Cultivation Cultivation of the autumn zucchini plot requires the use of plots that have not been planted with melons, solanaceous crops, and tobacco within 3 years.
3.2 The selection of disease-resistant varieties should be selected to have a strong disease-resistant varieties, such as Tianjin No. 25, coix and other courgettes.
3.3 Seed disinfection Seeds are soaked in warm water of 55-60°C for 15 minutes before sowing, and then soaked in 10% trisodium phosphate for 20-30 minutes to sterilize the seeds. Remove and rinse, germinate sowing.
3.4 Adjusting Sowing Date The sowing date should be appropriately delayed. Try to ensure that the cucurbit susceptibility stage avoids the high temperature and high humidity season, and avoid the adult stage of locusts and slugs. The sowing period in the Eastern Gansu Province is generally suitable before and after the beginning of autumn (the daily average temperature is stable at 24 to 25°C).
3.5 Cultivate strong seedlings and fine soil preparation, 667 square meters of full-fledged farmyard fertilizer is over 5000 kg, and ditch is applied to 40 kg of Sanyuan compound fertilizer. At the same time, the management of fertilizer and water in the field was strengthened to promote the robust growth of the plants and enhance the disease resistance of autumn zucchini itself.
3.6 Covered film Autumn zucchini is ridged and cultivated. A silver-gray plastic film with a width of 30 centimeters wide is provided between the rows, and the plastic film is reflective. It has repellent effects on the aphids and Laodelphax striatellus.
3.7 cooling down the ratio of courgettes and corn to 4:1 sets of rows, corn for shade cooling of Zucchini. During high temperatures, cool water in the evening or night. Cooling can effectively reduce the occurrence of viral diseases.
3.8 Field work should be prohibited in field operations. Smoking should be prohibited; hands and tools that come into contact with the diseased plants should be promptly washed or disinfected with soapy water or trisodium phosphate solution; in order to reduce the risk of virus infection, 2.4-D silk flower should be changed to anti-virus. Lost spray flowers.
3.9 Insecticide spraying to catch the key period before the emergence of zucchini, with pesticides to control field and field weeds around the grasshoppers, slough, whitefly, etc. 1-2 times. After spraying, spraying should be continued. Once in 7 days, the net can be sprayed once, buprofezin, deltamethrin, etc. Yellow traps can also be set in the field.
3.10 Prevention of Diseases by Spraying After the emergence of Zucchini, 83 anti-irritants and anti-toxic agents No. 1 were used, sprayed once every 7 days, and even sprayed for 5 to 7 times. The two drugs were used alternately. Once onset, agents such as virus A or phytophthora will be sprayed at the initial stage.
Occurrence and Control of Autumn Squash Virus Disease
Zucchini planted in the late summer and early fall, and fruiting in the fall, it is called the devastating disease of autumn zucchini, and if it does not actively take preventive measures, it often results in severely reduced or absolute production. At present, although many drugs have been developed for the prevention and treatment of viruses, the effects are not obvious. People call viral diseases cancers of crops. The best policy for preventing and treating viral diseases should be prevention-based treatment, prevention-based, and comprehensive prevention and control.