Right now, the potato sowing time, the same day, the same land, you planted me also kind of planting, why some of the mu produce up to 3500 kg, and some only 1500 kg. This is mainly due to some misunderstandings in the management of potato cultivation. Misunderstanding 1: Apply more fertilizer According to the survey, potato growers in some localities only pay attention to chemical fertilizers when applying base fertilizer, and more than 150 kg of compound fertilizer is applied per mu. For potato to produce high yields, it is necessary to apply chemical fertilizers, but it is not possible to use only chemical fertilizers, nor is the higher the production of fertilizers. According to the potato's need of fertilizer and individual planting conditions, organic and inorganic combination, balanced and comprehensive, scientific and rational fertilization, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing planting costs, high yield and high efficiency. Misunderstanding 2: keep more seedlings When the potato is planted, generally 1 to 3 seedlings are planted in each hole. Some growers feel that there are more potatoes that have more seedlings and can produce more, so they cannot bear the seedlings. However, this will lead to small potatoes and the total output will not necessarily be high. Moreover, individual potatoes are generally worth more than 200 grams. If the potato is too small, even if it is high-yielding, if the selling price is low or even unsaleable, the benefits are not high. Therefore, after the potato seedlings are in full bloom, the seedlings should be based on the principle of leaving weak and strong, leaving only one robust seedling per hole, concentrating on nutrition, increasing the individual weight of the potato, and increasing the proportion of commercial potatoes, thereby increasing the benefits. Misunderstanding 3: Crazy pigtails Some growers also feel that potato pods are a good phenomenon and do not control them, allowing them to grow freely. In fact, excessive growth of Scorpion will affect the enlargement of underground tubers, which may cause premature decline of the potato and reduce the quality and yield of the potato. Scientific, reasonable control is a necessary measure to improve the quality and output of potatoes.
Respiratory tract infection
Prevention and control of respiratory infection in livestock and poultry animal health care
Our business covers Africa, the Middle East, Central Asia and Southeast Asia. Africa Prevention and control of respiratory infection in animals,Middle East Prevention and control of respiratory infection in livestock,Central Asia Prevention and control of respiratory infection in poultry Shandong Unovet Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd. , https://www.unovetcn.com
The results showed that the main pathogens causing respiratory system infection of livestock and poultry were bacteria, viruses and mycoplasma. These pathogens could lead to bacterial infections such as swine pulmonary disease, porcine contagious pleuropneumonia, avian cholera, cattle abortion, goose Shigella infection, duck serositis, virus infections such as classical swine fever, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome, chicken Newcastle disease, avian influenza, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae pneumonia, avian influenza and so on Mycoplasma infection, such as avian mycoplasma disease and bovine pulmonary disease. Besides typical symptoms, rapid diagnostic test paper, microscopic examination, pathogenic microorganism culture and PCR should be used to diagnose respiratory system infection of livestock and poultry. Therapeutic drugs should be selected according to different pathogens. For bacteria, antibiotics should be selected; For the virus, we mainly choose broad-spectrum antiviral drugs, such as interferon, transfer factor, thymosin, arabinose adenosine, ribavirin and other Western medicines, and drugs containing Radix Isatidis, Andrographis paniculata, Houttuyniae, Folium Isatidis, honeysuckle, Coptis chinensis and other traditional Chinese medicine ingredients; For Mycoplasma, tylosin, tylosin, quinolones, florfenicol and other drugs were mainly selected. Livestock and poultry respiratory system infection is often accompanied by fever, poor breathing, runny nose, cough, expectoration, sneezing and other symptoms, so it is necessary to cooperate with the use of drugs to alleviate these symptoms, such as analgin, Antongding, bupleurum, Qingkailing and other antipyretic analgesic, dexamethasone, prednisone and other glucocorticoids anti-inflammatory, ammonium chloride, potassium iodide, aminophylline, Platycodon grandiflorum, Polygala tenuifolia and other phlegm, cough Relieve asthma.
Methods of administration, dosage and course of treatment: drinking water, mixing materials, inhalation of aerosol, oral administration, injection, etc. Large scale farms often use drinking water, mixing materials and aerosol inhalation, but it can't reach the therapeutic dose for individuals with loss of appetite and loss of appetite. Oral administration, intramuscular injection, subcutaneous injection and intravenous injection belong to individual administration, and their dosage is accurate. They are suitable for livestock and poultry with loss of appetite, loss of appetite and group administration. The effect of aerosol treatment on respiratory tract diseases is better than that of drinking water, especially poultry. Therefore, it is best to combine drinking water with spray administration in the treatment of respiratory tract infections. The dosage should be determined in strict accordance with the drug instructions, and the dosage should not be changed at will. In the treatment of respiratory tract infection, the course of treatment should be sufficient, especially the use of antibiotics. Generally, after the clinical symptoms of livestock and poultry disappear, drugs can be used for 2-3 days to consolidate the curative effect and prevent the recurrence of the disease.
When a drug can't control serious infection or mixed infection, the cause of disease is unknown and life-threatening serious infection, and the pathogenic bacteria are easy to produce drug resistance, it can be combined according to the bactericidal characteristics and mechanism of the drug. The combination of drugs with the same action site will produce antagonistic effect, while the combination of drugs with different action sites will produce synergistic effect. In addition, some veterinary Chinese patent medicines have the functions of clearing away heat and toxin, strengthening the healthy and eliminating pathogenic factors, antibacterial and antiviral, which can be used in combination with antibiotics and antiviral western medicine to have better disease prevention effect.
4. Prevention of drug resistance in order to prevent the emergence of drug-resistant strains, the following points should be paid attention to when using antibiotics: those that can be used or not should be used as far as possible, and those that can be effective with a single drug need not be combined with drugs; According to the indications, the dosage should be enough and the course of treatment should be sufficient; If the pathogen is unknown, do not use antibiotics easily; In case of drug-resistant bacteria infection, other sensitive drugs should be used for treatment; Avoid long-term medication.
5. Strengthen feeding management. Respiratory diseases of livestock and poultry often occur under stress, which are mostly caused by poor feeding management, such as old feeding facilities and equipment, poor sanitation, poor ventilation, excessive harmful gases, high feeding density, improper immunity, etc. The farm should do a good job of feeding and management, provide a comfortable and healthy environment for livestock and poultry, enhance their disease resistance and reduce the occurrence of respiratory diseases.
â– diagnosis and treatment of respiratory tract infection animal health care
The clinical symptoms were as follows: 1. The sick cattle had high temperature, asthma, cough, serous rhinorrhea, and decreased food intake. After 3-5 days, the sick cattle could not lie down for a long time, diarrhea and emaciation. If the sick cattle are not treated in time, they will die.
2 the lesions in the chest and lungs of the sick cattle were obvious. The lungs were widened in varying degrees. There was a large amount of white foam in the trachea and a large amount of fluid accumulated in the chest cavity.
According to the clinical symptoms and the changes of autopsy, the cattle were diagnosed as respiratory tract infection.
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