Femtosecond lasers are increasingly important in the medical field

Researchers from Tianjin University and the School of Life Sciences at Nankai University reported that the fluorescence of enhanced green fluorescent protein was shut down by laser. This special laser, the femtosecond laser, is now available under human conditions in laboratory conditions. The technique of obtaining the shortest pulse, the researchers also verified this through a series of ion processes in cancer cells, and the results were published in Nature Photonics (influence factor 29.2).

The author of the article is Professor Wang Qingyue from Tianjin University and Associate Professor (also the first author). Other researchers include Cao Youjia, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Professor Wang Yuyang, Ph.D., Tianjin University, and Professor Hu Minglie. Funded by the 973 Program and the Natural Science Foundation. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) is a kind of discovery protein commonly used in biochemical and cell biology research. This protein can express fluorescence by light excitation and express gene expression, so it is called reporter gene. Qian Yongjian, a former Chinese scientist, won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his research in this field. (Recently, the research team of Qian Yongjian has also achieved the latest results. For details, please see: Chinese Masters and Scholars have a technological breakthrough.)

The light that excites GFP is generally a laser, and this study uses a source called a femtosecond laser. The femtosecond laser is a laser that operates in pulses and lasts for a short time, only a few femtoseconds. The second is the negative 15th power of 10, which is 1/1000 trillion seconds, which is thousands of times shorter than the shortest pulse obtained by electronic methods. Femtosecond laser is a technology that humans can obtain the shortest pulse under laboratory conditions. It has rapid and high-resolution characteristics, early diagnosis of lesions, medical imaging and biological living detection, surgical medical treatment and ultra-small satellite manufacturing. It has its unique advantages and irreplaceable role.

In this article, based on previous research, the researchers found that certain parameters of the femtosecond laser stimulation of the cells can empty the calcium storage on the endoplasmic reticulum, thus opening the calcium channel on the cell membrane. This is the first time in the world that laser control of calcium storage regulated calcium channels (CRAC) has been achieved.

Furthermore, further studies have shown that abnormal increases in intracellular calcium concentration lead to an increase in reactive oxygen species clusters, which leads to oxidative bleaching of GFP, which is derived from changes in the luminescent group of the GFP protein structure.

The researchers pointed out that the changes in a series of ion processes through the interaction of cancer cells prove that femtosecond laser can regulate these changes, and this controllability can convert the green fluorescent protein expressed in cells to green-red fluorescence. It plays a precise regulatory role. Therefore, it is the first time to prove that femtosecond laser can controllably quantify various ions in cells, which is of great value for future light-controlled cell processes and disease treatment.

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