Jujube mad disease focuses on agricultural control

Recently, some peasant telephone calls have shown that the jujube trees they plant grow in clusters, grow mad, and their leaves become smaller and yellow. They look like broomsticks, and they also resemble magpie nests, and fellow peasants say they are "crazy jujube trees." Because the diseased trees have little or no dates, they are also called "public jujube trees." After a few years, the whole plant will die, causing great harm to the production. The preliminary judgment is that it has acquired Jujube disease. This disease is currently occurring in all the jujube areas in the north and south of China. It has been common in Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Beijing, and has continued to increase.

It has been found that it is caused by a pathogen called phytoplasma. The phytoplasma was formerly known as "Mycoplasma" and is a kind of microbe-like microorganism. The significant difference from the bacteria is that it has no cell wall and its shape is not fixed. It is transmitted through sucking mouthpart insects, artificial grafting, or root worms. There is also a transmission effect. In short, it needs to be transmitted through living organisms. In addition, phytoplasma promotes a large number of plants sprouting long branches, floral abnormalities, showing a typical cluster-like, it is also known as witches broom. This symptom is very similar to a viral disease, so it was mistaken for a viral disease in the early days and it was not determined until the 1990s as a phytoplasma disease. Phytoplasma diseases are rare and have been identified such as paulownia witches' broom, sweet potato witches' broom, and mulberry atrophy.

Jujube disease is mainly transmitted through grafting and rooting, and is a systemic infection. Sick or diseased branches are grafted on seedlings and symptoms can be manifested in that year. When the pathogens run to the roots and then run up from the roots, the whole plant will be affected. In the natural world, insects can also be transmitted through orange belts such as Rhizoma leafhopper, Rhizoctonia philippinarum, Rhododendron microphylla, and Diamondback leafhopper.

The survey found that the occurrence of jujube disease is related to the management of the jujube orchard. The management is extensive and the tree vigor is weak. The irrigated areas surrounding the arborvitae twigs and intercropping wheat and corn are relatively serious.

Due to the low rate of transmission of jujube disease and the lack of effective chemical agents, agricultural control should be focused on, including: eradication of diseased plants and diseased roots, elimination of mad branches, selection of disease-resistant jujube varieties as rootstocks, and disease-free jujube In the garden, scions, buds or roots are used for breeding, and the orchard management is strengthened, and alkaline fertilizers and farmyard fertilizers are added.

In the early stage of disease, drill holes can be drilled in the rhizomes of diseased trees. In the budding period of the jujube tree in spring or in October, each diseased tree is instilled with 4000 times solution or 500 mL of tetracycline solution with 0.1% concentration. From early June to late September, pesticides like pyrethroids, such as 2.5% lambda-cyhalothrin 2000 times or 1.8% abamectin 3000 times, are used to control various insect leafhoppers.

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